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CVE-2023-54400 – Unauthenticated SQL Injection – Fumasoft Fumeng Cloud (all versions)

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Summary

CVE-2023-54400 is a critical, unauthenticated SQL injection vulnerability in Fumasoft Fumeng Cloud, a SaaS platform used for CRM, marketing, sales, and order-fulfillment operations by international trade and cross-border e-commerce businesses. The flaw resides in the AjaxMethod.ashx endpoint and allows a remote attacker, without any credentials, to inject arbitrary SQL into the backend Microsoft SQL Server database. The vulnerability has a CVSS score as high as 9.8 (CVSS v3.1) and is known to have been actively exploited in the wild.

Technical details

  • Root cause: The Name parameter passed to the getEmpByname action of AjaxMethod.ashx is concatenated into a backend SQL query without proper sanitization or parameterization.
  • Trigger conditions: An attacker sends a crafted HTTP request to /Ajax/AjaxMethod.ashx?action=getEmpByname&Name=<payload>; no authentication or user interaction is required to trigger the flaw.
  • Attack vector: Network-based (remote), exploitable directly over HTTP against any internet-exposed Fumeng Cloud instance.
  • Impact: Using UNION-based SQL injection techniques, an attacker can extract, disclose, and modify data stored in the Microsoft SQL Server backend, potentially leading to full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of application data.
  • Exploitation activity: Exploitation attempts against this endpoint were first observed by third-party threat monitoring as early as October 2023, indicating the vulnerability has been targeted by opportunistic scanning and attack tooling.

Affected software

  • Fumasoft Fumeng Cloud — all released versions (no version-specific fix boundary has been published by the vendor)

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 9.8 (Critical)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • (A CVSS v4.0 score of 9.3, Critical, has also been published for this CVE: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: No official patched version has been published by Fumasoft at this time. Organizations should contact the vendor directly to confirm the availability of a fix and apply it as soon as one is released.
  • If no patch is available:
    • Restrict or block external network access to the AjaxMethod.ashx endpoint, particularly the getEmpByname action, until a fix is available.
    • Deploy a web application firewall (WAF) rule to detect and block SQL injection payloads targeting the Name parameter.
    • Monitor application and database logs for anomalous or error-based SQL injection attempts against this endpoint.
    • Consider taking internet-facing Fumeng Cloud instances offline or placing them behind additional access controls (e.g., VPN, IP allow-listing) until remediated.

References

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