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CVE-2026-105284 – Pre-Authentication Bypass to Root RCE – TOTOLINK A3002MU 1.0.0-B20230403.1455

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Summary

CVE-2026-105284 is a critical improper-authorization (CWE-285) vulnerability in the TOTOLINK A3002MU wireless router, firmware version 1.0.0-B20230403.1455. A flaw in the /bin/boa web server’s authentication-check routine (sub_40FCFC) allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to bypass session verification entirely and reach administrative and diagnostic request handlers. The issue carries the maximum CVSS score of 10.0 and is rated critical.

Technical details

  • The boa web server validates a session by checking whether a stored login-IP value matches the requesting client’s IP and then reading an associated session token from a lookup table.
  • When a client has never logged in, the stored token buffer is empty; the authentication gate treats this empty buffer as a valid credential instead of rejecting the request, making the check "fail-open" for any client that has not authenticated.
  • A remote, unauthenticated attacker can send requests directly to protected /boafrm/* endpoints without any session cookie or credential and have them processed as if authenticated.
  • Publicly available proof-of-concept exploitation demonstrates reaching the /boafrm/formSysCmd handler, which executes attacker-supplied OS commands as root (e.g., via the sysCmd_pval parameter), resulting in full device compromise.
  • Attack vector is network-based, requires no privileges and no user interaction, making exploitation straightforward against any internet-exposed device.
  • Impact includes complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device — attackers can read/modify configuration, execute arbitrary commands, upload firmware, and pivot into the connected network.

Affected software

  • TOTOLINK A3002MU, firmware version 1.0.0-B20230403.1455

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 10.0 (Critical)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: No vendor-supplied patched firmware version has been identified at time of publication; check TOTOLINK’s official site for an updated firmware release for the A3002MU and apply it as soon as it becomes available.
  • If no patch is available: Remove the device’s administrative web interface from direct internet exposure — place it behind a VPN or restrict access to trusted internal networks only via firewall rules.
  • Disable remote/WAN management on the device if enabled.
  • Monitor for unauthenticated requests to /boafrm/* endpoints, particularly formSysCmd, at the network perimeter.
  • Consider replacing or isolating end-of-life TOTOLINK devices that no longer receive security updates.

References

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