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CVE-2026-48205 – Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via DNS Header Injection – Apache Camel camel…

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Summary

CVE-2026-48205 is a critical Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and Improper Input Validation vulnerability (CWE-918, CWE-20) in the Apache Camel DNS component (camel-dns), rated CVSS 9.1. In Camel routes that bridge an HTTP consumer into a dns: producer, an unauthenticated remote attacker can manipulate DNS operation parameters by injecting specially crafted HTTP headers, enabling redirection of DNS queries to an attacker-controlled server and enumeration of internal hostnames.

Technical details

  • Root cause: The camel-dns producers read DNS operation parameters from Exchange message headers using constant names — dns.server, dns.name, dns.domain, dns.type, dns.class, and term — that do not carry the Camel/ prefix. Because HttpHeaderFilterStrategy only blocks headers within the Camel namespace at the HTTP boundary, these headers pass through unfiltered from any inbound HTTP request directly into the Exchange.
  • Trigger condition: Exploitation requires a Camel route that bridges an HTTP consumer (such as platform-http, camel-servlet, camel-jetty, camel-undertow, or camel-netty-http) into a dns: producer. No authentication is required when the HTTP consumer is unauthenticated.
  • Attack vector: A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends an HTTP request with the dns.server header set to an attacker-controlled DNS server address. This causes the dig producer’s SimpleResolver to direct DNS queries to that server (DNS-based SSRF), allowing the attacker to observe queried names and inject poisoned DNS responses. By additionally setting dns.name or dns.domain headers, the attacker can resolve arbitrary internal hostnames, disclosing the existence of internal infrastructure.
  • Impact: Confidentiality and Integrity are both rated HIGH. The attacker can intercept sensitive DNS queries, return fraudulent DNS records, and conduct internal network reconnaissance — all without credentials.

Affected software

  • Apache Camel 4.0.0 through 4.14.7
  • Apache Camel 4.15.0 through 4.18.2
  • Apache Camel 4.19.0 through 4.20.x

Severity

CVSS v3.1 base score: 9.1 (Critical)
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate — patch: Upgrade to Apache Camel 4.21.0. Users on the 4.14.x LTS stream should upgrade to 4.14.8; users on the 4.18.x stream should upgrade to 4.18.3.
  • Post-upgrade route changes required: After upgrading, any routes that reference DNS operation headers by raw names must be updated to use the new Camel-prefixed constants: CamelDnsServer, CamelDnsName, CamelDnsDomain, CamelDnsType, CamelDnsClass, and CamelDnsTerm, replacing the former dns.* and term names.
  • If immediate patching is not possible: Strip the dns.* and term headers from all untrusted HTTP ingress before reaching the dns: producer, and set DNS server and lookup parameters exclusively from a trusted, internal source within the route.

IONIX Status

The IONIX research team is tracking ongoing exploitation attempts and recommends immediate patching. Potentially affected assets are outlined in this post.

References

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