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CVE-2026-57122 – Webhook Signature Bypass Enabling Message Forgery – PraisonAI ≤ 4.6.52

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Summary

CVE-2026-57122 is a webhook signature verification bypass affecting PraisonAI, an open-source AI agent framework. The WhatsApp and Linear bot adapters skip HMAC signature verification whenever the corresponding webhook secret environment variable is unset — which is the default on a fresh install. This fail-open design lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker send forged webhook events that PraisonAI processes as legitimate, and it carries a CVSS v3.1 score of 8.6 (High).

Technical details

  • Root cause: The WhatsApp and Linear bot adapters guard signature checks with conditionals such as if self._app_secret: and if self._signing_secret:. Because these secrets default to empty strings when not explicitly configured, the entire HMAC verification routine is skipped rather than the request being rejected — a fail-open pattern instead of fail-closed.
  • Trigger conditions: The vulnerable code path is reachable whenever the operator has not explicitly set a webhook signing secret for the WhatsApp or Linear integration — the default state for a fresh install and common in development/test environments.
  • Attack vector: An unauthenticated attacker with network access to the exposed webhook endpoint can send a crafted HTTP POST payload (e.g., mimicking a WhatsApp message) without a valid X-Hub-Signature-256 header. The server accepts the forged request and returns HTTP 200, fully processing it as if it originated from the legitimate messaging platform.
  • Impact: Successful exploitation allows forging inbound bot messages/events, enabling prompt injection into the AI agent, unauthorized command execution within the bot’s context, and impersonation of legitimate users or contacts. The associated CVSS vector reflects low confidentiality impact, high integrity impact, and low availability impact.

Affected software

  • Product: PraisonAI (PyPI package praisonai, vendor MervinPraison)
  • Affected versions: All versions up to and including 4.6.52
  • Fixed version: 4.6.59

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 8.6 (High)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L
  • Associated weaknesses: CWE-345 (Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity), CWE-347 (Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature)

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade PraisonAI to version 4.6.59 or later, which enforces signature verification correctly regardless of configuration state.
  • If immediate patching is not possible:
    • Explicitly configure and set strong, unique webhook signing secrets (WHATSAPP_APP_SECRET / Linear signing secret equivalents) for every deployed bot adapter — never leave these unset, even in development.
    • Restrict network access to webhook endpoints using firewall rules, IP allow-listing for the messaging platform’s known egress ranges, or an API gateway/WAF in front of the service.
    • Monitor webhook endpoint logs for requests missing valid signature headers or originating from unexpected source IPs, and treat any such traffic as suspicious.

References

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