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CVE-2026-71805 – Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload / Path Traversal (RCE risk) – LZ-litchi ≤ 1.0

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Summary

CVE-2026-71805 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) unauthenticated arbitrary file upload and path traversal vulnerability in LZ-litchi, a Java-based rapid development platform, affecting version 1.0.0 (and earlier). The flaw allows unauthenticated, remote attackers to upload files to arbitrary filesystem locations and subsequently retrieve them, forming a complete anonymous read/write attack chain that can lead to remote code execution or full system compromise.

Technical details

  • Root cause: The file upload endpoint is annotated with @PermitAll, bypassing authentication, and the user-supplied directory parameter is concatenated directly into the server’s base storage path (config.getBasePath() + File.separator + path) without canonicalization or filtering of ../ sequences.
  • Trigger conditions: An attacker sends a crafted multipart POST request to /app-api/infra/file/upload with a directory value containing directory traversal sequences (e.g., ../../../../../../tmp) and an arbitrary file payload; the file type restriction (fileType=all in default/demo configuration) does not block dangerous file extensions.
  • Attack vector: Network-based, no authentication or user interaction required (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N).
  • Impact: Attackers can write files outside the intended upload directory (potentially including web-accessible or executable paths) and, via a related unauthenticated download endpoint (GET /admin-api/infra/file/{configKey}/get/**, also @PermitAll and only URL-decoding paths without filtering ../), read arbitrary files from the server. Combined, these primitives can be leveraged to plant and later retrieve/execute malicious files, resulting in high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.

Affected software

  • LZ-litchi Rapid Development Platform, version 1.0.0 and earlier (≤ 1.0.0)

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 9.8 (Critical)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • CWE: CWE-434 (Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type)

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade LZ-litchi to a version beyond 1.0.0 that removes the @PermitAll annotation from the file upload (/app-api/infra/file/upload, /app-api/infra/file/create) and file download (/admin-api/infra/file/{configKey}/get/**) endpoints and requires proper authentication.
  • If no patch is available:
    • Restrict or disable public access to the affected upload and download endpoints at the network/reverse-proxy layer until a fix is applied.
    • Implement server-side path normalization/canonicalization (e.g., getCanonicalPath()) to reject requests where the resolved path escapes the configured base upload directory.
    • Enforce an allow-list of permitted file extensions/types instead of relying on an "allow all" configuration.
    • Generate randomized, server-controlled filenames and storage paths rather than trusting user-supplied directory or filename values.
    • Deploy WAF rules to detect and block path traversal sequences (../, encoded variants) in upload-related POST parameters as a temporary compensating control.

References

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