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CVE-2026-77998 – Authentication Bypass / Full Account Takeover – miniOrange SAML SSO for Joomla (1.0

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Summary

CVE-2026-77998 is an unauthenticated authentication bypass affecting miniOrange’s SAML SSO extensions for Joomla. The flaw resides in the mo_saml_validate_signature() function, which mishandles PHP’s openssl_verify() return value, allowing an attacker to submit a crafted SAMLResponse with a malformed signature and be logged in as any existing Joomla user, including administrators. The vulnerability carries a maximum severity rating and requires no authentication or user interaction.

Technical details

  • Root cause: mo_saml_validate_signature() performs a loose boolean evaluation of openssl_verify()‘s return value. openssl_verify() returns 1 for a valid signature, 0 for invalid, and -1 on an internal processing error — but the plugin treats any non-zero/non-false result (including -1) as a successful verification.
  • Trigger condition: an attacker submits a SAMLResponse containing an attacker-controlled NameID paired with a deliberately malformed signature value that forces openssl_verify() to return -1.
  • Attack vector: network, unauthenticated, no user interaction required — the SSO endpoint that processes the SAMLResponse is exposed to any remote requester.
  • Impact: full authentication bypass, enabling login as any existing Joomla user, including administrators, resulting in complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the site.

Affected software

  • SAML SSO for Joomla (miniorange.com): versions 1.0.0–11.0.1
  • SAML SP Single Sign On – Login with ADFS (miniorange.com): versions 1.0.0–6.3.0
  • SAML SSO login with Google Apps (miniorange.com): versions 1.0.0–6.3.0

Severity

CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 10.0 (Critical)
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade "SAML SSO for Joomla" to version 11.0.2 or later, and upgrade "SAML SP Single Sign On – Login with ADFS" and "SAML SSO login with Google Apps" to a version newer than 6.3.0.
  • If patching cannot be applied immediately: disable or restrict access to the SAML SSO login endpoint at the network layer (e.g., WAF rule blocking malformed/anomalous SAMLResponse payloads) until the update can be deployed, and monitor authentication logs for unexpected administrator logins via SSO.

References

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