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CVE-2026-94483 – SSRF – Next.js 16.0.0–16.3.7 (Image Optimization)

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Summary

CVE-2026-94483 is a high-severity Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the Image Optimization feature of Next.js. An attacker who controls DNS resolution for a remote hostname that matches an application’s configured images.remotePatterns allow-list can cause the image-optimization fetch to resolve to a private IP address, allowing the server to reach internal network resources on the attacker’s behalf. The issue carries a CVSS v4.0 base score of 8.3 (High) and affects self-hosted Next.js deployments that configure images.remotePatterns.

Technical details

  • Root cause: Next.js’s Image Optimization allow-list validates a remote image URL’s hostname against images.remotePatterns, but the subsequent fetch re-resolves DNS for that hostname at request time rather than pinning the validated IP, allowing attacker-controlled DNS to redirect the fetch after the allow-list check has passed.
  • Trigger conditions: The application must have images.remotePatterns configured to allow at least one remote hostname, and the attacker must control (or compromise) DNS resolution for a hostname that matches that allow-list.
  • Attack vector: Network, no authentication or user interaction required; attack complexity is rated high and requires attacker-controlled attributes (e.g., control of the target domain’s DNS).
  • Impact: The optimized-image fetch can be redirected to private IP ranges, enabling SSRF against internal network services reachable from the Next.js server.
  • Applications that do not configure images.remotePatterns are not affected. Applications hosted on Vercel are not affected.

Affected software

  • Next.js versions 16.0.0 through 16.3.7 (self-hosted deployments using images.remotePatterns)
  • Fixed in Next.js 16.3.8 (Active LTS); the 15.x maintenance line is fixed in 15.5.27

Severity

  • CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 8.3 (High)
  • Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade to Next.js 16.3.8 (for the 16.x line) or 15.5.27 (for the 15.x maintenance line).
  • If no patch can be applied immediately: Audit all hostnames configured in images.remotePatterns and remove or restrict any domains whose DNS is not fully trusted or controlled; applications that do not configure images.remotePatterns are not exposed to this issue and require no action.

References

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