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CVE-2026-19188 – Unauthenticated OS Command Injection (Root RCE) – Haiwell IoT Cloud HMI Gateway 3.4

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Summary

CVE-2026-19188 is a critical OS command injection vulnerability in the Haiwell IoT Cloud HMI Gateway, rated CVSS v3.1 10.0 (Critical). The flaw resides in the device’s "Net Check" diagnostic feature, where the cmdPing Socket.io event exposed at the /setting endpoint fails to sanitize user-supplied input before passing it to the underlying operating system shell. Because the endpoint requires no authentication, a remote attacker can send a crafted Socket.io message to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges, resulting in full device compromise.

Technical details

  • Root cause: The cmdPing Socket.io handler at the /setting endpoint concatenates attacker-controlled input (intended to be a hostname/IP for a network ping test) directly into a system command without input validation or sanitization (CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command).
  • Trigger conditions: An attacker needs only network access to the Haiwell IoT Cloud HMI Gateway’s web/Socket.io interface; no credentials, prior session, or user interaction are required.
  • Attack vector: Network (remote), low attack complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction — consistent with the CVSS vector below.
  • Impact: Successful exploitation yields arbitrary OS command execution running as root, giving the attacker complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device — including the ability to pivot into the underlying industrial/OT network the gateway connects to.

Affected software

  • Haiwell IoT Cloud HMI Gateway, version 3.40.1.12 and prior (vulnerable)
  • Fixed in version 3.50.1.19

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 10.0 (Critical)
  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
  • CVSS v4.0 Base Score: 10.0 (Critical) — CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade all Haiwell IoT Cloud HMI Gateway deployments from 3.40.1.12 (or earlier) to version 3.50.1.19 or later, obtained from Haiwell’s official download portal.
  • If immediate patching is not possible:
    • Remove the gateway’s web/Socket.io management interface from direct internet exposure; place it behind a firewall or VPN accessible only to trusted administrative hosts.
    • Segment HMI/gateway devices from the internet and from broader OT/IT networks in line with standard ICS network segmentation practice.
    • Monitor for unexpected outbound connections or process execution originating from the gateway, which may indicate exploitation.
    • Restrict and audit access to the /setting endpoint and Socket.io interface until the patch is applied.

References

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