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CVE-2026-27565 – Unauthenticated Root Command Injection – Pepperl+Fuchs/Phoenix Contact/Carlo Gavazz

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Summary

CVE-2026-27565 is a critical OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting IO-Link Master gateway devices manufactured by Pepperl+Fuchs and sold under OEM branding by Phoenix Contact and Carlo Gavazzi Automation. An unauthenticated remote attacker can upload a specially crafted IODD (IO Device Description) file that causes the device to place and execute a shell script with root privileges, which persists across reboots. The flaw carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical), reflecting full remote, unauthenticated compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Technical details

  • Root cause: The device’s IODD file upload/processing functionality fails to properly neutralize special elements (e.g., shell metacharacters) contained in an uploaded IODD file, resulting in OS command injection (CWE-78).
  • Trigger conditions: An attacker submits a maliciously crafted IODD file to the device’s IODD upload interface; the device processes the file without adequate input sanitization and executes attacker-controlled shell commands.
  • Attack vector: Network-based (AV:N); no authentication (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N) are required to exploit the flaw.
  • Impact: Successful exploitation results in arbitrary shell script execution with root privileges. The malicious script is written to persistent storage and remains active even after the device is rebooted, giving an attacker durable, full control over the device (complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability).

Affected software

  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE2-8IOL1-G65L-V1D — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE2-8IOL-G65L-V1D — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE2-8IOL-K45P-RJ45 — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE2-8IOL-K45S-RJ45 — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE3-8IOL1-G65L-V1D — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE3-8IOL-G65L-V1D — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE3-8IOL-G65L-V1D-Y — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE3-8IOL-K45P-RJ45 — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Pepperl+Fuchs ICE3-8IOL-K45S-RJ45 — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Phoenix Contact IOL MA8 PN DI8 (Model 1072838) — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Phoenix Contact IOL MA8 EIP DI8 (Model 1072839) — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Carlo Gavazzi Automation YL212CEI8M1IO — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Carlo Gavazzi Automation YN115CEI8RPIO — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Carlo Gavazzi Automation YL212CPN8M1IO — firmware < 1.7.4
  • Carlo Gavazzi Automation YN115CPN8RPIO — firmware < 1.7.4

Severity

CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 9.8 (Critical)
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Update all affected devices to firmware version 1.7.8 or later, as recommended by Pepperl+Fuchs, Phoenix Contact, and Carlo Gavazzi Automation.
  • If patching cannot be performed immediately:
    • Restrict network access to affected devices; do not expose them directly to the Internet.
    • Isolate affected devices from untrusted or general corporate networks, placing them behind firewalls and on segmented OT/ICS network zones.
    • Require VPN access with strong authentication for any necessary remote administrative access to the devices.
    • Monitor devices for unexpected IODD file uploads or unauthorized configuration/firmware changes, including after a reboot, since the injected script persists across restarts.

References

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