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CVE-2026-73570 – RCE via SNMP Command Injection – Zimbra Collaboration Suite < 10.1.20

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Summary

CVE-2026-73570 is a high-severity (CVSS 8.9) OS command injection vulnerability in Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) that allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary operating system commands with the privileges of the zimbra user. The flaw affects all ZCS versions prior to 10.1.20 when the optional zimbra-snmp package is installed, and SNMP notifications are enabled. The vulnerability is under active exploitation in the wild and has been added to CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Technical details

  • Root cause: Insufficient sanitization of untrusted input processed during SNMP notification handling by Zimbra’s swatchdog monitoring component (bundled with the optional zimbra-snmp package); classified as CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command).

  • Trigger conditions: The optional zimbra-snmp package must be installed with SNMP notifications enabled via the snmp_notify parameter. The swatchdog service that processes these notifications runs by default once zimbra-snmp is present, so any server with that configuration is exposed.

  • Attack vector: Network-based and unauthenticated — an attacker sends a specially crafted SMTP request to the target server; no user interaction or credentials are required.

  • Impact: Successful exploitation results in arbitrary OS command execution as the zimbra user. Observed real-world attacks have used this access to write JSP web shells into Zimbra’s Jetty web application directories, enabling persistent server compromise.

Affected software

  • Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS): all versions prior to 10.1.20, where the optional zimbra-snmp package is installed, and SNMP notifications are enabled.

Severity

  • CVSS v3.1 Base Score: 8.9 (High)

  • Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

Mitigation and recommended actions

  • Immediate: Upgrade Zimbra Collaboration Suite to version 10.1.20 or later, which contains a permanent fix for this vulnerability.

  • If immediate patching is not possible: Audit /var/log/zimbra.log for unexpected service status changes, and check for unauthorized files created by the zimbra user within the past 30 days in /opt/zimbra/jetty/webapps/, /opt/zimbra/jetty_base/webapps/, and /tmp/. Report any indicators of compromise to your national CERT.

Exploitability assessment

As of the time of this post, no assets are confirmed exploitable.

References

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